Draught animal power in Africa : priorities for development, research and liaison

Following an overview of the history of draught animal power in Africa, the paper identifies preconditions for its success: suitable land and climate; adequate population density and labor deployment; the availability of adapted animals and cultivation systems; a market for produce; sociocultural acceptance; farmer knowledge; credit; and support services. Discussion of the implications of these preconditions for policies at both the national and project levels stresses the need for a farming systems approach that will identify the overall profitability of animal traction as well as key limiting factors. The implications for research methodology are briefly discussed, after which research priorities are suggested in the areas of: animal breeding, nutrition, and health; farm equipment; harnessing techniques; diversification of operations; and social and economic factors. Finally, the potential roles of national programs, study tours and workshops, aid agencies, international research organizations, newsletters, and a draught animal power network are appraised.