Final report of the Kala Dhaka Area development project [KDADP], Pakistan

From the outset, the project faced problems that impeded its progress. Originally the project was seen as a planning phase of a future project, which would have concentrated on road and other infrastructure development. Due to the Pressler Amendment, the project changed to a community participation effort with low levels of funding. This community participation method also passed through several phase and periods of indecision, and suffered from repeated funding stops and start-ups, causing the loss of valuable time and project staff energies. The people of Kala Dhaka also suffered as a result. Though it was difficult for the project to establish and maintain credibility, communities, through representative committees, generally supported the project, which managed to make some significant accomplishments. Many communities were fully involved. Women in Development (WID) activities, though virtually unmentioned in the Project Paper, proved highly successful and, given time, could have developed into a major component. Credit is due the women who implemented the program under trying conditions, adjusting its activities to fit the schedules of women beneficiaries. WID activities were so well-received that the project could not meet demand. In particular, the monthly mother/child clinics were very popular. Road construction and the alternative, jeep track development, were of vital interest to the people of Kala Dhaka. The area will never develop until easy access by motor vehicle is ensured. The agriculture activity -- simple, inexpensive, and direct -- improved existing agricultural practices and introduced new methods and crops, including new fodder crops and trees (as part of a forestry program). In addition, a training program was initiated for local animal health care technicians. The Livestock Department, which implements a limited program with three veterinary clinics and undersupported staff, will need additional funds to continue project-supported activities. Given time, the project, with support of the Livestock Department, could have developed some level of sustainable animal health services, with main funding by the villagers. Unfortunately, the project had no impact on reducing opium production, and even helped to politicize the issue through its limited and delayed impact on development. Kala Dhaka is not a traditional opium growing area, but production increased in some pockets after the start of the project; one unintended consequence of a poppy elimination program is that it may encourage poppy growth in order to attract more aid. One element of the platform of the MPA elected in the last election was "Grow more poppies. Get more aid."