AMERICAN PUBLIC HEALTH ASSOCIATION
HEALTH AND NUTRITION SERVICES OF THE SAHEL R AND R PROGRAM IN MALI
THE SPECIFIC PURPOSES OF THIS REPORT ARE: (1) THE ASSESSMENT OF THE CURRENT STATUS OF HEALTH PLANNING FOR THE RECOVERY AND REHABILITATION (R AND R) PROGRAM IN MALI; (2) THE RECOMMENDATION OF SPECIFIC HEALTH AND NUTRITION ACTIVITIES AND LEVELS OF USAID SUPPORT OF ELEMENTS LISTED WITHIN THE RURAL HEALTH SECTORS OF THE SAHEL R AND R PROGRAM ASSISTANCE APPROVAL DOCUMENT (PAAD); AND (3) THE EXAMINATION OF ASSISTANCE IN THE AREAS BY OTHER NON-USAID DONORS AND THE RECOMMENDATION OF IN-COUNTRY COORDINATION AND A PLAN OF ACTION FOR HEALTH AND MEDICAL ACTIVITIES.
IMPERATO, P. J. · 1970
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Abstract
THE GENERAL BACKGROUND OF THE SAHEL REGION IS DISCUSSED IN TERMS OF ITS ECOLOGY, ECONOMY, AND POPULATION DENSITIES. THE NOMADS OF THE SAHEL COMPRISE TWO LARGE GROUPS, THE BEDOUIN ARABS (MAURES) AND THE TUAREGS. THE FORMER ARE FOUND IN THOSE PORTIONS OF THE SAHEL WHICH LIE IN MALI, MAURITANIA, AND SENEGAL AND THE LATTER IN THE SAHELIAN ZONES OF MALI, NIGER AND UPPER VOLTA. THE SOCIAL ORGANIZATION, ECONOMIC ACTIVITIES AND NOMADIC MOVEMENTS OF THESE GROUPS ARE DISCUSSED IN DETAIL. WITH INADEQUATE RAINS IN 1972, PASTURELAND BECAME SCARCE AND MANY NOMADS WERE STRANDED AROUND WELLS. DONKEYS, CAMELS, AND CATTLE DIED IN LARGE NUMBERS IN EARLY 1973. THE GOVERNMENT OF MALI ORGANIZED A PROGRAM TO BRING THE STRANDED NOMADS INTO WHAT ARE NOW CALLED CAMPS DES SINISTRES. FOUR SUCH CAMPS WERE VISITED BY THE AUTHOR. THEY WERE LOCATED IN GAO, GOUNDAM, DIRE AND TIMBUCTOO. EACH CAMP IS EVALUATED UNDER THE FOLLOWING CATEGORIES: GENERAL DESCRIPTION; POPULATION COMPOSITION; ADMINISTRATIVE ORGANIZATION; FOOD STORAGE AND DISTRIBUTION; NUTRITIONAL STATUS; HEALTH STATUS; HEALTH SERVICES; ENVIRONMENTAL HYGIENE; AND GENERAL IMPRESSION. MOST NOMADS HAVE EXPRESSED THE DESIRE TO RESUME THEIR NOMADIC PASTORAL EXISTENCE AFTER THE DROUGHT ENDS.
