Hydraulic design of MESQA 10 : an Egyptian irrigation canal

Both descriptive material and computations used in the mesqa design are presented herein. The new mesqa is a rectangular channel 0.71 meters (m) wide and 0.60 m deep. The mesqa floor overlies the surface of the left bank of the old mesqa with but slight cut or fill beneath it, giving it a uniform slope of 0.0001. The water level in the mesqa permits gravity flow and thus eliminates the 8 pumps previously used; flow capacity is 60 liters per second, sufficient to meet peak season demand, and water is supplied by pumping from the Beni Magdul canal at the mesqa head. The depth of water on the land, the head losses through a cut-throat flume, and a pipe turnout were added to the land elevation to determine the required water level in the mesqa; water surface profiles were calculated by back water curve methods to establish depths. A program for the HP 97 calculator was prepared to determine the distribution of the total flow among several open turnouts. Also provided are 5 tables, 12 figures, and computer programs developed during the design. (Author abstract, modified)