Latin American land reforms in theory and practice : a retrospective analysis

This monograph deals with the political, social, economic, and institutional aspects of various land reforms attempted in Latin America over the past 30 years. Its purpose is to analyze the outcomes of these attempts and to summarize and synthesize the ongoing debate about land reform. The document first discusses competing theoretical and ideological positions, including structuralism, dependency, institutionalism, and liberation theology. A brief summary is presented then of the reforms implemented in Latin America since the establishment in 1961 of the Alliance for Progress, along with an evaluation of their achievements. The reforms are also analyzed with respect to corollary changes in agricultural and industrial systems and in population dynamics. In light of the progress and changes revealed, the question is raised whether reform is still needed. The report then discusses related issues, such as land registration and titling, land taxation, and land transfer and financing mechanisms. The last chapter comments briefly on the role that international agencies can play in the sensitive national policy decisions that are at the heart of any serious attempts at land reform. Includes 11-page bibliography.