MANPOWER IN SOUTHERN AFRICA; A SUMMARY AND SYNTHESIS OF MANPOWER FINDINGS FROM SADAP SECTOR ANALYSES AND AN ASSESSMENT OF MANPOWER OPPORTUNITIES AND CONSTRAINTS

The present report, an annex to an AID presentation to Congress on development needs and opportunities in southern Africa, synthesizes recent manpower findings, particularly of the Southern African Development Analysis Project (SADAP) and outlines basic elements of a manpower strategy framework for the region. The manpower situation, including resources and constraints, government (or in the case of occupied Namibia, popular) policies and priorities, and critical areas requiring priority attention, is analyzed in Botswana, Lesotho, Malawi, Mozambique, Namibia, Swaziland, Zambia, and, as far as possible, Zimbabwe. Establishment of an overall strategy framework (not a strategy per se) for southern Africa is recommended. Such an approach would involve using existing manpower data to help affected governments review already defined sector targets; summarizing and evaluating SAPAD and other recommendations from a manpower development perspective; comparing existing targets with national training capabilities and levels of skilled personnel; identifying priority areas for manpower development assistance in order to expand both the total manpower pool and training capacity; and assisting affected governments to develop a coordinated approach to manpower planning. Village-based self-reliance approaches to manpower development should be incorporated into this matrix. Priority areas for manpower reform common to the region include education (formal, nonformal, and work-related) and assistance to governments in manpower planning. SAPAD and non-SAPAD source materials, a note on donor-supported manpower programs, and a country-specific bibliography are appended.