Socioeconomic determinants of child malnutrition in Sri Lanka : the evidence from Galle and Kalutara districts

The findings suggest that previous anthropometric studies have overestimated the extent of protein-calorie malnutrition (PEM), due mainly to overly rigid interpretation of rather arbitrary criteria - very slight changes in the criteria for assessing PEM can lead to dramatically differing conclusions. Key findings are: (1) the majority of PEM cases are moderate and only a minute fraction severe; (2) PEM is highest among unemployed and landless households, lowest among farmers and mixed on-farm/off-farm income earners; (3) children experience sudden deterioration in nutritional status during weaning; and (4) preschool children are as vulnerable as are pregnant and lactating women to second and third degree PEM. The author concludes that child malnutrition in Sri Lanka could be eliminated quickly and with minimal expense through oral rehydration therapy and the provision of Thriposha (a nutritious weaning food).