Tunisia transition initiative (TTI) final evaluation report

The transition was a result of revolution in response to long-simmering grievances, including inequality among regions, the marginalization of social groups (i.e. unemployed, youth, rural women), and the highly centralized state (directly in response to the events of the Arab Spring). Despite disappointment in the pace of reform, many citizens still see the transition as a real opportunity to promote social modernization and democracy, strengthen civil society, give greater voice to youth and women, and rebuild regional and local governance. In an effort to support the transition, activities focused on civic engagement, women and youth political participation, civil society organization capacity, and countering violent extremism, among others. The evaluation focused in general on assessing two primary aspects of the TTI program: (1) strategic approach to programming, examining in particular the adaptability to changes in the political landscape, relevance to critical issues or events of the transition, and overall strategic targeting; and (2) the effectiveness and impact (intended and unintended) of the TTI program, primarily through the lens of TTI's four priority sub-objectives. Recent studies, news reports, and interviews with country experts, staff and grantees point to a rise in extremist violence throughout Tunisia, including in areas where TTI programming is being implemented. There is a growing concern among civil society organizations regarding what they perceive as increasing levels of anti-establishment beliefs and attitudes among youth. These beliefs include an alienation from the political and economic system that took over "their revolution" and that has not addressed corruption or unemployment. This dynamic speaks to cognitive radicalization processes referenced by the Countering Violent Extremism (CVE) Desk Study and Framework for the Office of Transition Initiatives/Tunisia (OTI/Tunisia) and further validates CVE programming. As such, the evaluation team found that the program is responding to an evolving context of a growing social dynamic that poses a serious threat to the political transition. Specific evaluation analyses on program findings, conclusions and recommendations are provided in detail. (Excerpt, modified).