Types of outcome measurements

THESE HELP GOVERNMENT PLANNERS IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES TO ASSESS HOW WELL THEIR EDUCATIONAL SYSTEMS ARE WORKING. IT FOCUSES DISCUSSION ON TYPES OF OUTCOME MEASUREMENTS. QUESTIONS COVERED INCLUDE: THE KINDS OF INDIVIDUAL AND SOCIAL COMPETENCIES OR OUTCOMES BEING SOUGHT THROUGH EDUCATION, THE SPECIFIC MEASURES OF EDUCATIONAL OUTCOME WHICH MAY BE USED TO MEASURE THE PRIMARY EFFECTS OF EDUCATION ON THE INDIVIDUAL"S LEARNING, KNOWLEDGE, APTITUDE, AND SKILLS, AND HOW OUTCOME MEASUREMENTS DIFFER FROM TRADITIONAL INPUT OR PROCESS INDICATORS THAT HAVE GUIDED EDUCATIONAL POLICIES IN THE PAST. ALSO EXAMINES WHAT IS SACRIFICED TO DEVOTE MORE RESOURCES TO EDUCATION AND TO ALLOCATE MORE RESOURCES TO ONE EDUCATIONAL PROGRAM RATHER THAN ANOTHER, AND WHAT THE YARDSTICKS ARE FOR ASSESSING CRITERIA TO MEASURE OUTCOMES. NOTES RELATING TO THOSE AND OTHER QUESTIONS ARE PRESENTED FOR THE DISCUSSION LEADER, ALONG WITH TABLES OF EDUCATIONAL OUTCOMES AND SCHEMATICS OF DECISION PROCESSES.