AGROCLIMATOLOGY OF LESOTHO

Gaps in the information base are identified that suggest directions for future research. Some special areas of agroclimatology that are discussed include agroclimatic analogs, microclimates, climatic hazards and risk perception. Lesotho enjoys a pleasant climate with clear skies and moderate temperatures prevailing most of the year. Although average rainfall is adequate for traditional grains such as maize, sorghum, and wheat, damaging or lethal moisture stress may occur during seasonal or mid-season droughts. Crops grown on shallow and eroded soils are especially susceptible. Temperature and radiation levels are relatively high and most lowland areas appear to have average frost free periods adequate for a variety of crops. But late or early frosts can shorten the growing season and ground level measurements suggest that frost risks may be present in most months. Hail storms are also known to cause extensive damage. Factors such as evaporation, wind and solar radiation have not yet been seriously studied. Inadequate climate information is of particular concern in Lesotho. Although agricultural production is limited, the country inevitably is heavily dependent upon the agricultural sector as a source of food, income and employment. Effective agricultural planning must consider the limitations and opportunities offered by the physical environment.