Madagascar locust update for the 2nd and 3rd dekads of February 2012

Abundant rainfall was recorded in the region, particularly in areas affected by Cyclone Giovanna, creating favorable conditions for locust growth. In contrast, rainfall was erratic and below normal in parts of the southern and central regions, resulting in low or declining locust populations. Malagasy Migratory Locust (LMC) populations increased in the Belomatra-Vineta plateau and surrounding areas, where deforestation over the past three decades had led to a significant change in locust demographics. Large groups of hoppers and sizeable swarms of LMC were detected in the northwest outbreak areas during surveys conducted from the second through the fourth weeks of February. In contrast, locust numbers remained low or declined in parts of the southern and south-central outbreak areas, where ecological conditions were unfavorable. Red Locust (NSE) hoppers continued to develop in the outbreak areas in the Mahafaly Arc and Plateau, the Belomotra, and the Ambohangy regions. The presence of NSE among LMC will create a synergy and stimulate both species to continue exhibiting changes in morphology and behavior. No significant damage was reported during this time, as most of the locusts were by their natural habitat; however, it will be imminent once they begin moving to other areas. Ground control efforts treated more than 12,830 hectares from February 6 to 28 in the northwest gregarization areas, bringing the total areas controlled since the current campaign began in September 2011 to 22,343 hectares. The FAO-CNA team is consolidating pesticides from various locust bases to the Toliara operational center. Interventions are currently limited to ground operations due to a lack of spray aircraft and other resources, including transportation facilities. According to the FAO-CNA team, contributions made to or pledged for the 2011-12 campaign include USD 2 million from CERF, 300,000 Euro (approximately USD 400,000) from the EU, and USD 273,000 in local currency from the EU. Additionally, 12,000 liters of pesticides (worth USD 200,000) and possibly more from IFAD, two 4X4 Toyota Landcruisers from UNDP, and 20,000 liters of pesticides from the Government of Madagascar have been received or pledged. Approximately 45% of the estimated resources needed for the 2011-12 campaign have been received in cash or in kind or are pledged.