Targeting assistance to the poor and food insecure : a literature review

This comprehensive literature review and summary of targeting programs that deliver food assistance to poor and food insecure populations, defines and offers the rationale for targeting, reviews criteria for evaluating targeting mechanisms (selection accuracy, relevance and timeliness, incentive effects, political costs, and administrative costs), and then reviews two types of targeting mechanisms: (1) administered targeting methods, including a method that relies on multiple-household level indicators, one that relies on household level indicators, and one that relies on intra-household level indicators; and (2) self-targeting methods, including targeting by consumer preferences, by distribution methods, by public works, and by other methods, such as through social stigma and intimidation. The report concludes that the best long-range strategy for achieving food security is to increase incomes of vulnerable households and individuals. However, until food security is achieved, targeting is necessary. Recommendations are provided for criteria that any targeting mechanism must satisfy. Includes references.