Viable alternative energy for rural Nepalese villages : a case study of Gobar gas

An introductory section describes biogas technology and its advantages. Biogas is a methane gas produced from fermented animal dung and other agricultural wastes for use in lighting, cooking, and running agricultural machinery. In addition, slurry used to produce the gas can subsequently be used as animal feed and fertilizer. Systematic conversion of all cattle dung to biogas could reduce Nepal"s reliance on diminishing forest resources by up to 75%. In the experimental program, which was conducted by the Gobar Gas Co., a private concern, use of the plants reduced the time used in cooking by 30% and in cleaning cooking utensils by 50% and kept the home free from smoke. Each plant owner saved approximately NRs.2250 on firewood alone, and the biogas-powered lamps installed in the plant owners" homes reduced kerosene costs and burned more brightly than traditional lamps. In the summer, enough gas was produced for cooking and lighting for 6-15 people, depending on the size of the plant. On the negative side, gas production, dependent on warm temperatures, is deficient by about 40% in the winter, when it is needed most, and initial capital costs of installation are high (over NRs.15,000). A key recommendation is for higher government subsidies to make plants more affordable. Included are 10 tables and a financial analysis of a domestic biogas plant.