Global Tuberculosis Control WHO Report 2009

The WHO African Region accounted for 79% of these HIV-positive TB cases, followed by the WHO South-East Asia Region (11%). In the absence of appropriate treatment, the mortality rate in HIV-positive TB cases is high. However, this rate can be significantly reduced if provider-initiated HIV testing is made available to all TB patients and if interventions such as early antiretroviral therapy are made available to those who are HIV-positive. TB incidence, prevalence, and mortality rates vary globally. In 2007, the estimated incidence of TB was 133 cases per 100,000 population. The prevalence of TB was 134 cases per 100,000 population, and the mortality rate was 17 cases per 100,000 population. The WHO Global Task Force on TB Impact Measurement was established to improve measurement of progress towards the 2015 impact targets. The task force focuses on measuring incidence, prevalence, and mortality rates. Case notifications and case detection rates are critical indicators of TB control efforts. In 2008, a total of 7.7 million new smear-positive cases were reported, with a case detection rate of 73%. The case detection rate for DOTS programmes was 83%, while the rate for non-DOTS programmes was 55%. Treatment outcomes in DOTS programmes showed a cure rate of 85% for new smear-positive cases and 70% for re-treatment cases. The Stop TB Strategy emphasizes the importance of early case detection through quality-assured bacteriology, standardized treatment with supervision, and patient support. The strategy also highlights the need for drug supply and management systems, monitoring and evaluation, and addressing TB/HIV, MDR-TB, and the needs of poor and vulnerable populations. The strategy aims to reduce TB incidence and mortality rates by 50% by 2015. The total costs of TB control in 2008 were estimated at $1.5 billion for high-burden countries and $1.2 billion for all countries. The Global Fund financing for TB control in 2008 was $1.1 billion for high-burden countries and $800 million for all countries. The funding gaps for TB control in 2008 were estimated at $1.3 billion for high-burden countries and $1.1 billion for all countries. The Stop TB Strategy has been implemented in various countries, with a focus on improving case detection and treatment outcomes. The strategy emphasizes the importance of collaboration between governments, international organizations, and civil society to control TB. The strategy also highlights the need for research and development of new diagnostic tools and treatments for TB.