Improving ISLE-based STEM learning outcomes for building the 21st century skills and characters through a lesson study: A case study on Torque and Moment of Inertia

This study aims to develop ISLE-based STEM learning media, build 21st-century skills and character, and analyze the improvement of learning outcomes through lesson study. The research was conducted at the STEM UNSYIAH Research Center and carried out at Unsyiah Laboratory High School. The ISLE model has been successfully taught in various countries with different student populations, and its integration with STEM makes it possible to actualize environmental literacy and creativity. The development of appropriate models and approaches in implementing the teaching and learning process can also increase students' understanding of the studied topics. One of the most suitable models and strategies to be applied in physics lessons, especially in the case of inertia, is ISLE Based STEM. The study used a descriptive quantitative approach by observing the character building of 21st-century students and observing the ISLE Based STEM learning media using an assessment instrument by expert validators. The researchers designed the moment of inertia props using necessary materials such as stencil and iron, which have heat resistance and relatively high mechanical stress compared to wood or plastic types. The props were designed to measure physical variables such as radius, mass, and angular acceleration. The validation sheet design was used to obtain learning device assessment data by the validator with a value range of 1-5 and to get suggestions for improving the learning tools that have been developed. The validation sheet included the LKPD validation sheet, the Teacher Guide validation sheet, the pretest and posttest validation sheets, and the tool validation sheets. Expert validators and practitioner validators validated this sheet. The study found that the ISLE-based STEM learning media is very suitable for improving 21st-century skills. The Moment of Inertia Teaching Tool's Mechanics consists of a rotating iron rod and a spring as a torsional moment. Students will obtain the necessary data on student worksheets by following the ISLE cycle. The teaching aids and student worksheets that have been developed through the ISLE Based STEM are applied to class XI students of the Laboratory High School of Unsyiah. The results of the study showed that the validation of the Moment of Inertia props from 2 media experts obtained an average percentage value of 86.4% with an excellent category. The validation of Student Worksheet by two validators expert in material teaching obtained an average percentage value of 84.77% with an excellent category. The teaching and learning results using teaching aids and LKPD through a Lesson Study conducted by the observer obtained a percentage with an average of 83.5% excellent category. There is an increase in 21st-century character in students by 77% with an excellent category. The study concluded that the ISLE-based STEM learning media is very suitable for improving 21st-century skills. The development of ISLE-based STEM learning media and approaches can increase students' understanding of the studied topics and improve their 21st-century skills and character. The study suggests that the ISLE-based STEM learning media can be applied in various educational settings to improve students' learning outcomes and 21st-century skills.