Manual de Lectura de Mapas con Receptor GPS

This project aimed to monitor deforestation in communal forests of the Ucayali region for REDD+. The manual was made possible through a donation from the United States Government through the United States Agency for International Development (USAID) under Contract No. AID-EPP-I-00-04-00024-00. A map is a graphical representation of a territory, drawn or printed on paper, containing a series of symbols that represent the different natural, artificial, or cultural elements of the area. All maps have geographical coordinates, scale, orientation, representative symbols (lines, polygons, circles), letters, and colors to inform about a specific topic. The basic parts of a map include the scale, which is the relationship between a distance on the map and the corresponding distance on the Earth's surface. The scale allows users to calculate distances between points on the terrain, areas of parcels, and other measurements. The orientation of a map is typically represented by a north arrow, which serves to guide the reader during map interpretation. The legend is an informative box that indicates the meanings of the symbols used on the map. Common symbols include points, which represent landmarks, trees, houses, and other features; lineal symbols, which indicate roads, rivers, and boundaries; and polygon symbols, which represent parcels of land, forests, crops, lakes, and other areas. The border of a map, known as the orla, allows users to locate a place using coordinates. The rótulo, or title, of a map includes information about the professionals who created and reviewed the map, the type of projection used, the DATUM, the area covered by the map, and the date. The UTM (Universal Transverse Mercator) coordinates are located on the margins of a map, with the horizontal coordinates representing the East and the vertical coordinates representing the North. The distance between each UTM coordinate varies depending on the scale of the map. For example, if the scale is 1:4700, 1 cm on the map corresponds to 47 meters in the field. To calculate the coordinates of a point on a map, users can measure the distance between the point and the nearest East or North coordinate using a ruler. The scale of the map is used to convert the measured distance into real-world measurements. For instance, if the scale is 1:4700, 1 cm on the map corresponds to 47 meters in the field. By multiplying the measured distance by the scale factor, users can calculate the real-world coordinates of the point. In the example provided, the coordinates of the point 2-14 are calculated as 18 L 549147 9105307, which represents the UTM zone, letter of the band, and coordinates X (East) and Y (North).