Drivers of radicalisation of youth in Bosnia and Herzegovina

A survey of 4,500 individuals conducted by USAID MEASURE BiH identified demographic characteristics, employment status, income levels, and practicing of religion as key factors associated with a degree of sympathy for violent extremism. The study employed an index of radicalisation, based on Bhui et al., which measures sympathies for violent protest and terrorism. This index was used as a dependent variable in an ordinary least squares (OLS) regression model. The results indicate that demographic characteristics, such as age, gender, and location, play a significant role in shaping the likelihood of radicalisation among youth. Employment status and income levels also emerged as critical factors, with unemployed individuals and those with lower incomes exhibiting higher levels of sympathy for violent extremism. Practicing of religion was also found to be a significant predictor, with individuals who regularly practice their faith showing a greater inclination towards radicalisation. The study also explored the relationship between social behaviour and radicalisation. Results suggest that individuals who engage in political activism and political activism are more likely to exhibit sympathies for violent extremism. This finding highlights the importance of addressing the root causes of radicalisation, including social and economic marginalisation, in order to prevent the spread of violent extremism. The findings of this study have significant implications for the development of effective counter-radicalisation strategies. By identifying the key drivers of radicalisation among youth in Bosnia and Herzegovina, policymakers and practitioners can design targeted interventions aimed at preventing the spread of violent extremism. These interventions should focus on addressing the socio-economic needs of marginalised youth, promoting inclusive and participatory forms of political engagement, and providing alternative forms of social and economic support. The study's results also underscore the importance of addressing the root causes of radicalisation, including social and economic marginalisation, in order to prevent the spread of violent extremism. By prioritising the needs of marginalised youth and promoting inclusive and participatory forms of political engagement, policymakers and practitioners can help to prevent the spread of violent extremism and promote a more stable and secure society.