Mentoría para el desarrollo de las capacidades humanas

The program recognizes that traditional approaches to training and supervision have not led to the expected improvements in healthcare professional performance, quality of care, and health outcomes. A study in 2016 found that these traditional interventions were associated with modest improvements, equivalent to two actions by healthcare providers compared to the 18 to 40 actions expected per visit. The program conducted a review of the literature on mentorship in PBMI and a survey of MCSP programs in 19 countries to gather information and synthesize knowledge about mentorship as a strategy for human capacity development in health programming. The review identified 17 articles on health programming in PBMI, and a comprehensive review of the literature on mentorship for healthcare professionals was particularly useful in gathering and analyzing the limited evidence available on the application of mentorship in PBMI to address quality of care and support healthcare worker performance. The MCSP defines mentorship as the process through which an experienced and empathetic person who masters their subject (mentor) teaches and prepares another person (learner) or group of people (learners) in a face-to-face or virtual setting to ensure competent performance in the workplace and provide ongoing professional development. The program established a set of principles for mentorship interventions, including: * Mentorship complements other interventions, such as formal supervision systems, quality improvement initiatives, or instructor-led training, regardless of the training environment. * Mentors must master the subject matter on which they provide mentorship. * Mentors work face-to-face or virtually with individuals or teams to create skills and ensure competent performance and respectful high-quality care in the workplace. * Mentors establish empathy with their learners and establish relationships to empower them, provide positive feedback, and motivate them to improve their performance. * Mentorship is based on goals and generally has a formal endpoint: the achievement of performance goals. * The mentorship experience must be mutually beneficial: learners benefit from the exchange of knowledge and relationships with their mentors, and mentors often benefit from the exchange of knowledge and relationships with their learners. The program recognized that the evidence on the effectiveness of mentorship in PBMI is limited, and that mentorship is often combined with other capacity development interventions, making it difficult to attribute specific improvements to mentorship. However, the available evidence and MCSP interventions provide some perspectives for current and future programming. The program identified four programs in countries for the implementation of comprehensive case studies (MCSP Democratic People's Republic of Lao, MCSP Liberia/Sanear the Health Services, MCSP Rwanda, and MCSP Zambia/Planned Parenthood), and these case studies were analyzed to contribute to this document. The MCSP also recognized that countries and donors are adopting non-traditional approaches, including mentorship, to improve healthcare professional performance. The program's representatives cited the following reasons for applying a mentorship approach: (1) focused identification of skill deficits and targeted support and feedback to address those deficits; (2) the advantage of working with professionals in the workplace and not outside of it (saves time and allows professionals to learn in real-time); (3) perceived improvements in healthcare professionals' confidence and performance; and (4) the ability to supervise the skills and competencies acquired through traditional training interventions. The program's findings suggest that mentorship can result in documentable improvements in the quality of care, and that the evidence available suggests that mentorship can be an effective strategy for human capacity development in health programming. The program's principles for mentorship interventions provide a framework for implementing mentorship in PBMI, and the case studies and evidence from the MCSP programs provide valuable insights for current and future programming.