Review of grid codes of ASEAN member states, gap analyses, and recommendations for regional grid code

The study aimed to provide recommendations for a common ASEAN-wide grid code. The review focused on six ASEAN member states: Lao PDR, Myanmar, Thailand, Cambodia, Vietnam, and the Philippines. Each country's power system overview, applicable grid code documents, transmission interconnection, VRE integration, and technical gap analysis were examined. The study found that while each country has its own grid code, there are significant technical gaps and inconsistencies in the existing framework. In Lao PDR, the power system overview revealed a high reliance on hydropower, with a significant portion of the grid code focused on transmission interconnection and VRE integration. However, the study identified technical gaps in the grid code, including inadequate provisions for VRE integration and transmission interconnection. In Myanmar, the power system overview showed a high demand for electricity, with a significant portion of the grid code focused on transmission interconnection and VRE integration. However, the study identified technical gaps in the grid code, including inadequate provisions for VRE integration and transmission interconnection. In Thailand, the power system overview revealed a high reliance on fossil fuels, with a significant portion of the grid code focused on transmission interconnection and VRE integration. However, the study identified technical gaps in the grid code, including inadequate provisions for VRE integration and transmission interconnection. The study also reviewed the regional GMS grid code, which proposed a common grid code for the six countries. The proposed grid code addressed technical and market issues, including VRE integration and transmission interconnection. However, the study identified technical gaps in the proposed grid code, including inadequate provisions for VRE integration and transmission interconnection. The study concluded that a common ASEAN-wide grid code is necessary to address the technical gaps and inconsistencies in the existing framework. The study recommended minimum requirements for an ASEAN-wide grid code, including provisions for VRE integration and transmission interconnection. The study also recommended a phased approach to VRE integration, with a focus on technical requirements and market issues. The study's findings and recommendations aim to provide a framework for the development of a common ASEAN-wide grid code, which can help to address the technical gaps and inconsistencies in the existing framework and promote a more integrated and efficient regional power grid.