Technologies for the rural poor

PES covers the period 4/82-6/83; no methodology is noted. Although only one SP (to identify and develop collaborative research projects) has been completed, 5 of the other 6 have achieved satisfactory progress - the exception being SP 7, on malaria epidemiology. Protracted delays in the submission of SP"s were due to a lack of specific guidance and criteria for SP approval, inadequate A.I.D. and Government of India (GOI) staff attention (since corrected), and delays in GOI approval. Under SP 1, to install a village solar energy system, solar-powered television and radio sets and tube lights were installed in a community center, a biogas plant was built, borewells were dug, and solar thermal and photovoltaic control rooms completed. However, a serious drop in the water table threatens achievement of the system"s main purpose, to provide power for irrigation. Also, recurring costs have led to doubts about sustainability. Under SP 2, to develop portable solar rice dryers, drying needs were assessed, pilot and prototype plants for drying paddy were constructed, and the latter plant is now being tested. Under SP 3, to construct solar collectors, parabolic concentrator design and process steam studies were completed and chrome selective coatings were developed; studies on selective coatings by vaccum deposition are continuing. Under SP 4, to identify and develop research projects, a proposal for implementing an energy efficiency SP under another A.I.D. project was prepared and submitted. Under SP 5, to develop hydroelectric systems, a prototype hybrid micro low head system was designed; other activities are ongoing. Under SP 6, studies to prevent nutritional blindness, equipment was procured and installed, 2 scientists visited the United States, and laboratory work is in progress. tests, has been hampered by disagreements as to training needs; planned training workshops were not conducted. Recommendations are to decide whether or not to continue the malaria SP and to discuss facility operation and maintenance and villager participation with the GOI.